Results of the National College Health Assessment
•Ann Arbor Campus
•February, 2016
What is NCHA?
- Survey designed by the American College Health Association (ACHA)
- Aligns with Healthey Campus goals
- U-M previously conducted in 1998, 2006,2010 (undergrad) and 2014 (undertads and grad/prof)
- ACHA compiles national data
How Can the Data be Used?
•To provide a “snapshot” in time of the behaviors, attitudes and beliefs of students
•To compare with findings from other surveys and (especially) prior years at U-M
•To develop goals to improve health outcomes and assess progress, evaluate impact
Methodology
•Conducted in February 2016
•Random sample of:
•8,001 undergraduates
•4,001 graduate/professional students
•Over-sampled because of lower response rates:
•Males
•Undergrad minority students
•Email invitation with two reminder emails
•Incentives offered for participation
Response Rate & Analysis
•2,515 respondents (2,483 in working data file)
•21% overall response rate - 18% undergraduate and 27% grad/professional
•Data weighted by gender, race, student status, and citizenship to match U-M Winter 2016 enrollment
•Analyses conducted on the weighted data
Respondent Profiles
Undergrads: 49.6% Male, 48.9% Female, 1.5% Transgender
Graduates/Professionals: 52.8% Male, 45.8% Female. 1.4% Transgender
Perceived Health Status
In 2016, about 90% of all respondents perceived their health to be Excellent, Very Good or Good:
Health was rated better by:
- Males
- Whites (non-Hispanic)
- Those with higher GPA
However, there are a few things that get in the way…
Impediments to Academic Success
The Top Five - stress, anxiety, sleep difficulties, depression, cold/flu/sore throat
- Undergrads were more affected, especially by stress
- Effect of most impediments increased since 2014 (arrows show direction of change compared to 2014)
Perception of Safety
Grad/Prof felt safer than Undergrads
Respondents overall felt safer:
- On campus
- During the day
Abuse and Violence (non-sexual)
•Undergrads experienced more than Grad/Prof
•Almost 1 in 5 Undergrads reported non-physical abuse (verbal threat or stalking) in past year
Sexual Assault & Relationship Abuse
•Undergrads experienced more than Grad/Prof
•9% of Undergrads reported being sexually touched against will
Alcohol Use
for past 30 days, All respondents - 72% drank, 28% didn't (>12,000 students)
High-Risk Drinking in Past 2 weeks
Defined as ≥ 4 drinks for females, ≥ 5 for males*
40% of All respondents experienced high-risk drinking
Undergrads more likely than Grad/Prof (46% vs 29% in 2016)
Grad/Prof declined from 2014 to 2016 (33% to 29%)
* Definition of high-risk drinking changed over time. In 2006 & 2010, definition was ≥ 5 drinks for both females and males.
Stay in the Blue
- U-M campaign encourages students to keep BAC ≤.06
- 60% of All respondents Stayed in the Blue
- Grad/Prof Stayed in the Blue more than Undergrads (83% vs 51% in 2016)
Undesirable Consequences of Drinking
At last time partied/socialized, All respondents
After ~4 drinks, consequences more likely than not
Undergrads report more consequences than Grad/Prof
Marijuana Use
for past 30 days, All respondents - 17% used, 83% did NOT use marijuana (>36,000 students)
Tobacco and eCigarette Use
for past 30 days, All respondents
- Use: Cigarettes = 6%, hookah = 3%, eCigarettes = 3%
- Tobacco use has declined over past 10 years
Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs
Past 12 months
- Use decreased since 2014
- Undergrads used more than Grad/Prof
U-M Student Sexual Behavior
Results may challenge assumptions
•% Undergrads who have never engaged in:
•Oral sex = 34%
•Vaginal sex = 43%
•Anal sex = 82%
•Number of partners:
•72% Undergrads had 0 or 1 partners in past year
•Mean # of partners: 1.6 for Undergrads, 1.3 for Grad/Prof
Condom Use and STI Diagnosis
- Undergrads’ condom use for anal sex increased (47% vs 34% in 2014)
- 2% of All respondents reported diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months
Contraception Use and Pregnancy
•For Undergrads, use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) increased compared to 2014:
•Intrauterine device: 11% vs 6% in 2014
•Implant: 3% vs <1% in 2014
•<1% of All respondents reported unintentional pregnancy in past 12 months (Met goal of 1% )
Drinks at Best Sexual Experience
•84% of All respondents said 0, 1 or 2 drinks
Intimate Relationship Difficulties
Traumatic or Very Difficult to Handle in past 12 months
- 28% of All respondents reported intimate relationship difficulties
- Relatively unchanged over time: 27% in 2014, 29% in 2010
- Undergrads experienced difficulties more than Grad/Prof
- 10% of Undergrads report that relationship difficulty was an impediment to academic performance
- U-M focuses programmatic efforts on healthy relationships
Physical Activity
- Moderate,vigorous or combination: all 44%, undergrad 46%, grad/prof 41%, healthy campus goal: 54%
- Strength training: all 34%, undergrad 35%, grad/prof 32%, healthy campus goal: 41%
Fruits and Vegetables
- Ate > or equal to 5 servings per day: all 7%, undergrad 6%, grad/prof 8%, healthy campus goal: 7%
- At less than or equal to 2 servings per day: all 56%, undergrad 64%, grad/prof 58%
Sleep
Relatively unchanged since 2014
Of all respondents, 73% did not sleep enough to feel rested
Sleep difficulties affected academic performance 17% - healthy campus goal: 18%
Received Immunizations
Met goals for immunizations except hepatitis B and MMR
- Measels, Mumps, Rubella 76% Goal: 78%
- Hepatitis B 71% Goal: 80%
- Meningitis 67% Goal: 60%
- Influenza 53% Goal 37%
- HPV female 68% Goal 37%
- HPV male 42% Goal 37%
- Varicella (chicken pox) 63% Goal 48%
Mental Health Diagnosis and Treatment
All respondents, past 12 months
- Anxiety diagnosed: 15% % treated: 79%
- Depression diagnosed: 12% % treated: 80%
- ADHD diagnosed: 4% % treated: 86%
- Insomnia diagnosed: 3% % treated: 50%
- Eating disorders: diagnosed: 2% % treated: 59%
Emotional Disturbances
past 12 months Undergraduates reported disturbance more than grad/prof
anxiety 55%
depression 36%
considered suicide 9%
intentionall injured self 6%
attempted suicide 1% Healthy campus goal <1%
Disability or Medical Conditions
Most common plus total
Almost 1 in 5 students manage a disability or medical condition
- Psychiatric: 7%
- ADHD 6%
- Cronic illness 5%
- greater than or equal 1 disability or medical concern 18%
Want Information from U-M
Respondents were least likely to have received information on Sleep difficulties
Top five topics
- Stress reduction 78%
- nutrition 58%
- how to help others in distress 52%
- sleep difficulties 24%
- physical activity 58%
U-M Student Life Health & Wellness Learning Outcomes
Grad/Prof had greater understanding than undergrads
All respondents had similar trends in understanding (e.g. “Meaning and purpose” least well understood)
I understand how to:
- Make thoughtful choices that reduce harm and promote well being: 92%
- Integrate health and well being as part of success: 85%
- Build resilience and manage the fluctuations of life: 82%
- Find meaning and purpose: 74%